A Green Shoe, also known by its legal title as an "over-allotment option" (the only way it can be referred to in a prospectus), gives underwriters the right to sell additional shares in a registered securities offering if demand for the securities is in excess of the original amount offered. The Green Shoe can vary in size up to 15% of the original number of shares offered.
The Green Shoe option is popular because it is the only SEC-permitted means for an underwriter to stabilize the price of a new issue post-pricing. Issuers will sometimes not permit a greenshoe on a transaction when they have a very specific objective for the offering, and do not want the possibility of raising more money than planned. The term "Green Shoe" comes from a company founded in 1919 as Green Shoe Manufacturing Company, who made Wellington boots, now called Stride Rite Corporation, which was the first company to permit this practice to be used in an offering.
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